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Comparing the Effect of Squalane Oil and Rosehip Oil on Facial Wound Healing of Rats Using H&E and Mason Trichrome Stain
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JA Mohammed Saeed *   , E Fadhil Kadhim |
| 1.Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. , jwan.arkan2106m@codental.uobaghdad.edu.iq |
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Abstract: (18 Views) |
Background and Objective: The healing process is necessary for the preservation of the barrier function of the skin. Today, the global medical trend is moving from chemical drugs towards herbal medicines. Squalane can influence the immunomodulation of macrophages which helps the “last stage remodeling and wound closure” because of its anti-inflammatory properties and rosehip oil can shorten epithelialization time and reduce inflammatory cell infiltration. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine and compare the effectiveness of squalene oil and rosehip oil separately in the healing process of facial skin wounds in rats.
Methods: In this controlled trial, 28 male Albino rats, aged 4-6 months old and weighing 200-350g underwent surgical incisions on their facial skin using a surgical blade applied to the cheek. The animals were categorized into the following groups: In the control group, where the number of rats was equal to the experimental group, an incision was made on the left cheek and the rats were left to heal spontaneously without any treatment. In the experimental group, an incision was made on the right cheek and they were divided into the following groups: Group 1: 14 rats were treated daily with 30µl of squalene oil using a micropipette. Group 2: 14 rats were treated daily with 30µl of rosehip oil using a micropipette. Then each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups (7 rats for each) according to healing intervals of 3 and 7 days. The samples were collected and processed for histological analysis using H&E stain to evaluate the thickness of the epithelial layer and the number of inflammatory cells. Additionally, the histochemical examination was conducted using Masson's trichrome stain to examine the intensity of collagen fibers. Wound contraction was also evaluated clinically on the 3rd and 7th day after wounding.
Findings: Significant differences in wound contraction were seen on day 7. The group that received squalane oil exhibited the greatest level of wound contraction, with an average wound diameter of 0.70±0.112 mm. In contrast, the rosehip oil group had the lowest average value of 1.0000±0.114 mm, p=0.004. Regarding the number of inflammatory cells on day 3, the control group had the greatest number of inflammatory cells, with a mean value of 52.83±10.24, whereas the squalane oil group had the lowest mean value (28.89±11.24) (p=0.02). On day 3, the control group exhibited the highest epithelial thickness, with a mean value of 114.89± 33.63µm, while the squalane oil group had the lowest thickness (74.99±16.11µm) (p=0.046). On day 7, the squalane oil group had the highest intensity of collagen fibers, with a mean value of 118.50±12.88, while the control group had the lowest intensity (102.97±4.94) (p=0.03).
Conclusion: The study's findings demonstrated that the use of squalane oil resulted in enhanced wound contraction, decreased presence of inflammatory cells, and increased production of collagen. Nevertheless, the thickness of the epithelial layer was similar to that of the control group. Rosehip oil demonstrated a decrease in inflammatory cells and an increase in collagen fibers when compared to the control group. However, the wound required additional time for the process of wound contraction, and the thickness of the epithelial layer was similar to that of the control group. |
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| Keywords: Squalane Oil, Rosehip Oil, Wound Healing, Herbal Medicine. |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Restorative Dentistry
Received: 2024/04/23 | Accepted: 2024/08/6
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