BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder which is associated with secretion reduction or insulin resistance. Since different stress causes play a crucial role in incidence and chemical drugs side-effects of this disease, this study is aimed to investigate the effects of walnut leaves on insulin, glucose, albumin, AST ALT and ALP enzymes in diabetic and diabetic by forced swimming stress.

METHODS: In this experimental study, 50 adult male rats divided into 5 groups: control, diabetic, diabetic treated with walnut leaves (200mg/kg), diabetic with swimming stress in water 15°C and diabetic treated with swimming stress and walnut leaves. At the end of 21 days injection and phlebotomizing, serum levels of insulin, glucose, albumin and ALT, AST and ALP enzymes have been measured and the related data by using SPSS-18 software, ANOVA and Tukey has been analyzed.

FINDINGS: The results showed that diabetic and diabetic with swimming caused a significant reduction of insulin  (4.46±.26,5.06±.14)(P<0/01) and albumin (1.68±.23,1.68±.23 )(P<0/05).Also, a significant increase in serum glucose, ALP, ALT and AST (467.00±79.53 and 383.80±28.03, 552.20±5.57 and 481.20±4.42, 84.00±8.21 and 88.50±3.83, 84.00±8.21 and 212.20±15.57, 194.60±12.50) (p<0/001) compared to the control group has been observed, while walnut leaf extract caused a significant increase in insulin(8.04± 0.63)(p<0/01), albumin(2.22±0.02) (p<0/05) and a significant reduction of the serum levels of glucose, ALP, ALT and AST (201.80±17.15, 401.20±22.25, 59.40±2.48 and 130.60±8.88) (p<0/001) in diabetic and under swimming stress.

CONCLUSION: The results showed swimming and diabetic causes insulin to be reduced. As a result,  glucose and ALP, ALT and AST  enzymes have been increased and blood albumin has been decreased. Also, it is observed that walnut leaf extract causes the above mentioned indices to be modified