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Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Three Hospitals in Diyala Province, Iraq
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HR Hassooni *    , AS Mohammed , AH Alhusseiny , HA AL-Biati |
| 1.Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq. , hanan.hassouni@uodiyala.edu.iq |
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Abstract: (15 Views) |
Background and Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly resistant and dangerous bacterium that causes opportunistic infections, particularly in hospitals, where it causes pneumonia, sepsis, etc. The aim of this study is to investigate biofilm formation and its relationship with antibiotic resistance.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 345 samples that were carefully collected from outpatients who had not taken antibiotics for at least one week. Special swabs containing transport medium were used to preserve the samples until they reached the laboratory. Samples were cultured directly on blood agar, pseudo-agar, and Mueller-Hinton agar. They were then incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. The initial diagnosis was determined based on phenotypic and biochemical characteristics. Final diagnoses and sensitivity tests were confirmed using the VETEC-2 system. The bacteria's ability to form biofilms was also determined.
Findings: The results showed that 93.2% of P. aeruginosa isolates were biofilm-forming, with a strong correlation to widespread resistance (p<0.001). High resistance was observed within the penicillin group, while resistance rates were low with imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin.
Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated a strong correlation between biofilm formation and increased antibiotic resistance. In addition, resistance levels varied among the different drug groups.
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Article number: e61 |
| Keywords: Antibiotic Resistance, Resistance Mechanisms in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Biofilm Formation, Cephalosporin Group, Aminoglycosides Group. |
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Full-Text [PDF 749 kb]
(6 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Microbiology
Received: 2025/12/8 | Accepted: 2026/02/1 | Published: 2026/11/4
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