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A Comparative Analysis of Laboratory Parameters across Various Stages of Breast Cancer at a Tertiary‑Level Hospital in Indonesia
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P Liana *    , PY Djamili , N Qodir , KY Rahadiyanto , D Handayani , TP Umar |
| 1.Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia. , pheyliana@fk.unsri.ac.id |
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Abstract: (11 Views) |
Background and Objective: Breast cancer has a high incidence and an unfavorable rate of delayed diagnosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that laboratory evaluations can aid in the monitoring and prognostic assessment of breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of laboratory parameters across different stages of breast cancer at an Indonesian tertiary‑level hospital.
Methods: This cross‑sectional study was conducted on 159 breast cancer patients (including both inpatients and outpatients) who were selected through consecutive sampling from among those referred to the hospital. The required data were extracted and collected from the electronic medical records archive and case-mix data. The patients were divided into three groups based on clinical stage (stages II, III, and IV); no patients were classified as stage I. Hematological, hemostatic, and serological variables were examined and compared across the different groups.
Findings: Based on the findings of this study, statistically significant differences were observed in the values of the investigated parameters across different stages of breast cancer, including red blood cell count (p=0.020), prothrombin time (PT) (p=0.007), and the tumor marker CA 15‑3 (p<0.001). In post‑hoc analysis, red blood cell count showed a significant difference between stage III and stage IV patients (p=0.027). Furthermore, prothrombin time and CA 15‑3 demonstrated statistically significant differences between stages II and IV patients (p=0.030 and p<0.001, respectively) as well as between stages III and IV patients (p=0.027 and p=0.002, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that red blood cell count, prothrombin time, and CA 15‑3 levels exhibited significant differences between breast cancer patients in stages III and IV. Furthermore, CA 15‑3 and prothrombin time values were significantly higher in stage IV patients compared to those in stages II and III, suggesting the potential value of these parameters in distinguishing advanced disease stages.
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Article number: e45 |
| Keywords: Breast Cancer, Clinical Laboratory, Hematology, Hemostasis, Malignancy, Tumor Marker. |
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Full-Text [PDF 770 kb]
(5 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Cross Sectional |
Subject:
Laboratory Sciences
Received: 2025/02/17 | Accepted: 2025/05/6 | Published: 2026/09/26
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