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Frequency, Pattern, and Mortality Due to Congenital Anomalies among Neonates at Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children, Iraq
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RF Shitran *    , SM Ali |
| 1.Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq. , rana.fahmi@uoanbar.edu.iq |
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Abstract: (835 Views) |
Background and Objective: Recognizing the prevalence of congenital malformations is essential for tracking progress in neonatal healthcare and guiding improvement efforts. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence, pattern, and clinical outcomes of neonates born with congenital anomalies.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children from January 1, 2024, to May 1, 2024. Data were collected using a researcher-developed checklist that included the following: gender of the baby, maternal history of a previously affected child, gravida, parity, and abortions, and prenatal history of folic acid use or radiation exposure. The type of anomaly and the outcome of the baby after follow-up in the neonatal care unit (whether the baby died or was discharged in good health) were recorded. All live neonates admitted to the neonatal care unit and born at Ramadi Hospital were included. Diagnosis of anomalies was made by precise clinical examination and appropriate investigations based on clinical findings, including abdominal or brain ultrasound, echocardiography, chromosomal studies, brain imaging, and chest or whole-body X-ray.
Findings: A total of 1094 neonates were admitted to the neonatal care unit. Congenital anomalies were identified in 85 neonates (7.8%). The most common anomalies involved the cardiovascular system (63; 74.1%), followed by the musculoskeletal system (23; 27.1%) and chromosomal anomalies (12; 14.1%). Among affected neonates, 22 (25.9%) died during the neonatal period, while 63 (74.1%) survived. Mortality was significantly associated with low birth weight (p=0.009), cardiovascular defects (p=0.015), and central nervous system defects (p=0.018).
Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that congenital heart defects were the most prevalent anomalies, and the cardiovascular system was the most frequently affected organ system overall. |
Article number: e20 |
| Keywords: Birth Defects, Congenital Anomalies, Cardiovascular Anomalies, Neurological Anomalies Prevalence, Ramadi City, Iraq. |
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Full-Text [PDF 636 kb]
(24 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Children
Received: 2024/11/6 | Accepted: 2024/12/28 | Published: 2026/06/20
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