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Background and Objective: In recent years, using of local antibiotic as an adjunctive treatment in periodontitis has been considered. The aim of this study was to survey the local effects of Doxycycline with scaling/root planning in treatment of adult periodontitis. Methods: This experimental study was accomplished on 5 patients with adult periodontitis. The patients were chosen with at least three pockets with depth of approximately ≥4mm and bleeding in each quadrant. After initial preparation and scaling, the jaws were divided into 3 parts upper right: Receiving Doxycycline gel (Case group), upper left: Receiving base gel (Control group) and lower right: Do not received any gel (Sham group). One, three and six months after beginning the study, all the indices were measured again and finally all data were analyzed by statistical tests. Findings: In this study after 6 months, reduction of pocket depth and clinical attachment level (CAL) in case, control and sham groups were difference. Mean of pocket depth in case group was reduced from 2.3±0.5 mm to 1.5±0.6 mm after 3 months, and 1.9±0.6 mm after 6 months, and in control group from 2.2±0.8 mm to 1.6±0.6 mm after 3 months, and 1.8±0.7 mm after 6 months, these differences for clinical attachment level in buccal side of the teeth in 3 groups were significant (P<0.05). Also, there were differences in bleeding index in 3 groups. As for mobility and plaque index there was not any significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Totally, the outcome of Doxycycline gel and SRR treatment group was satisfied than the other groups during 6 months, although the effects were not too long.

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Background and Objective: There are several factors such as cigarette smoking, which has a role in etiology of periodontitis. Smoking has an effect on initiation, duration and severity of this disease. Therefore, it can be effective on results of periodontal therapy. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the smoking on changes of periodontal indices before and after periodontal therapy. Methods: This semi-experimental study was done on 30 patients with moderate periodontitis who referred to periodontal department of Babol faculty of dentistry. The mean age of patients was 33 years. The patients had no systemic disease with ≥4mm, probing pocket depth. GI (Gingival index), PI (Plaque index), BI (Bleeding index) and PPD (Probing pocket depth) were measured two times, first time before treatment and second time 20 days after complete scaling and root planning. Findings: There is not significant difference between 2 groups in GI, BI, PI and PPD before treatment but after that is a greater reduction of PPD (2.5±0.1) in non-smokers (2.7±0.1) (P=0.039). Also, non-smokers showed lower GI, BI and PI level but this change is not significant in PI. Conclusion: Scaling and root planning were effective on reduction of periodontal indices (GI, PI, BI, PPD) but this reduction in smokers is slower than non-smokers.

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Background and Objective: There are many researches regarding association between periodontal problem and smoking but there are a few studies about this relationship and the changes in salivary composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on salivary composition in subjects with moderate periodontitis before and after periodontal therapy. Methods: In this study saliva samples were taken from 30 patients (15 smokers and 15 non-smokers) with mean age of 33 who referred to periodontal clinic of Babol dental faculty. Laboratory parameters were SIgA, SIgG, Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Albumin and Amylase. Salivary sampling was done in 2 stages before and after scaling. Data were analyzed using paired T-test and T-test. Findings: The concentration of SIgA, K and P were greater in smokers before therapy (P<0.05). Post-treatment, K and P level were greater in smokers (K=18.8±0.57, P=11.27±0.8) than non-smokers (K=16.78±0.43, P=8.83±0.8) and Mg was greater in non-smokers (2.73±0.55) than smokers (1.16±0.13) (P<0.05). There was a reduction of SIgA and Mg in smokers after treatment (P<0.05). The reduction of SIgA in smokers (0.08±0.011) was greater than non-smokers (0.03±0.012) (P=0.005). Post-treatment non-smokers had reduced SIgA level and increased Ca concentration (P<0.05). Conclusion: There was a reduction in SIgA level after treatment in both groups, which is related to decrease of inflammation. Smoking has not any considerable effect on salivary composition changes after periodontal therapy.

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Given the fact that, periodontal disease is a disease with an infective agent, treatment by using antibiotics with scaling and root planing (SRP) has been considered as an adjunctive therapy. According to disadvantages of systemic antibiotic therapy such as: resistance, fluctuations in concentration, need for cooperation and side effects, local drug delivery systems in the form of irrigants or forms of drug releasing agents, seems to be a suitable substitute. Because periodontal diseases are often limited to several teeth. A local delivery device consists of a drug reservoir and a limiting element that controls the rate of medicament release. The goal is to maintain effective concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents at the site of action for long periods, despite drug loss from cervicular fluid clearance. Current data suggest that local delivery of antimicrobials into a periodontal pocket can improve periodontal health. It can be concluded that the adjunctive use of local drug delivery may provide a defined, but limited, beneficial response.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Furcation involvement is thought to have a strong negative effect on prognosis. Various treatments have been proposed for treatment of furcation defects. Regeneration is the treatment of choice in this type of defect. Recently an OCHS (Oily Calcium hydroxide Suspension) has also been supposed to support periodontal regeneration. The aim of this study was clinical and radiographic evaluation of effect of OSTEORA on class II furction defects in patient with chronic periodontitis.
METHODS: In this clinical trial 24 class II furcation defect divided into two groups. All the patients received phase I treatment (scaling & root planing). Test group treated with access flap surgery and the application of Control group treated with access flap surgery alone. The fallowing parameters were recoded: horizontal clinical attachment level (H-CAL) vertical clinical attachment level (V-CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), furcation vertical component (FVC), furcation to alveolar crest (FAC), fornix to base of defect (FBD), furcation horizontal component (FHC). A periapical radiograph was taken in parallel method before and 6 months after surgery and they were analyzed by digital subtraction.
FINDINGS: No significant difference was in mean change of investigation parameter among two groups. In study group only gingival recession increased significantly after 6 months from 0.67± 0.778 to 1.375± 0.9324 (p=0.04). In control group only gingival recession increased significantly from 0.58±0.793 to 1.583±1.379 (p=0.002), and VPD decreased significantly from 3.17±1.115 to 1.83±0.835 (p=0.015). Radiographic changes among two groups didn show significant difference.
CONCLUSION: No difference was found between the test and control site. None of treatment modalities improved periodontal regeneration in class II furcation defects.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces proliferation of endothelial cells, stimulates angiogenesis, and increases vascular permeability and it is an important factor in inflammation and wound healing. The aim of this study was to compare the VEGF level of human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontal health and disease.
METHODS: In this case-control study, forty-five subjects from periodontics department of Babol dental school were evaluated in three groups periodontitis (group 1 n=15), gingivitis (group 2 n=15), without periodontal disease (group 3 n=15). Periodontal status was evaluated by measuring probing depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque and bleeding on probing. Samples obtained from GCF of patients after isolation by paper cone. VEGF was assessed by using an ELISA and compared.
FINDINGS: In periodontitis patients, the mean and standard deviation of VEGF collected from diseased sites were 61.38±90.63 pg/ml, in gingivitis patients, concentration of VEGF was 31.53±63.64 pg/ml and also concentration of VEGF in healthy patients was 14.50±6.17 pg/ml. There was no statistical difference between the mean concentrations of VEGF in studied groups.
CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that there is no correlation between concentration of VEGF and periodontal situation.

Please cite this article as follows:
Jenabian N, Pouramir M, Naimi K, Bijani A. Comparison of gingival crevicular fluid levels of VEGF in periodontal health and diseased conditions. J Babol Univ Med Sci 2014 16(2): 29-33.

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Objective:Thalassemia is the most common genetic disorder of hemoglobin synthesis by reducing alpha or beta globin chains is determined. The main symptoms of the disease include bone deformities, especially in the skull, maxilla and zygoma and dental decay and periodontal disease. Given the higher prevalence of dental complications in these patients, we can prevent or treat complications of thalassemia patients by early diagnosis and treatment, thus in this study we examined the relationship between gingivitis and periodontitis with β-thalassemia disease. Methods and Materials: This case - control study of 50 patients with thalassemia major and thalassemia center Amirkola 15-35 years and 50 healthy individuals as a control group of healthy people examined. For patients with a questionnaire includes general information (such as gender, age, etc.) and clinical examination information such as gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and attachment loss (AL) and the oral health index-simplified (OHI-S) was completed. Results: The mean age of the patients and healthy subjects, respectively, 23/92 ± 5/591 and 23/98 ± 6/554. Average Indexed Health 2/18 ± 0/77 in the patient group versus 1/2 ± 0/81 control group and no statistical differences were not statistically significant (P= 0/635). Intermediate GI patients, significantly more than the healthy controls (respectively 1/28 ± 0/73, 0/94 ± 0/59 and P =0/014) well as pocket depth in patients 0/4 ± 0/53 and the control group 0/12 ± 0/33 and mean attachment loss in patients 0/4 ± 0/53 and the control group 0/08 ± 0/27, respectively. Differences were statistically significant level (respectively P = 0/003 and P <0/001) Discussion and conclusion: Among the examined parameters, periodontal indexes in patients with thalassemia were significantly higher than normal group which show more prevalence of periodontal disease and gingival, as a result, we can prevent and early treat complications and problems caused by the thalassemia by continuously track and periodic monitoring the status of patients.

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