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Background and Objective: Nowadays, medical equipment are daily used for different patients in hospitals. Contamination can be transmitted by anesthetic equipment from one patient to another. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of contamination of anesthetic machine after using cetrimide-C as a disinfectant solution. Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, 48 samples of the two parts of anesthetic machine were taken in 6 operation rooms of Babol Shahid Beheshti hospital. Sampling from the parts before and after sodalime was taken at the stages before and after washing with cetrimide-C as a disinfectant solution (10%). Data was analyzed by Chi-square test. Findings: According to the results, from where the samples were taken before sodalime at the stage before washing 16.7% of samples and after washing 19.4% contaminated to bacteria. Also, from the parts where the samples were taken after sodalime at the stage before washing 37.5% of cases and after washing 33.3% contaminated by bacteria that there was not statistically significant difference. Conclusion: According to the results, there was a bacterial contamination in the anesthetic machines at the stage before and after washing and it indicates that common method and using cetrimide-C as a disinfectant solution with unstandard concentration are not so effective in the decrease of contamination.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: One of common complications after spinal anesthesia are nausea and vomiting that can make different problems such as spasm, hypoxia and pulmonary aspiration. This danger is more in patients with full stomach, eye injury, head trauma, cesarean and laparoscopy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of propofol and metoclopramide associated with dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients under spinal anesthesia.
METHODS: In this clinical trial study 100 patients with ASA class I and II aged 16 to 60 years who underwent orthopedic surgical operation of lower limbs divided into two groups randomly (50 patients in each). Each group received 500 cc of Ringer serum before spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia with 22cc of 5% lidocaine was performed in the sitting position. The first group received metoclopramide with dexamethasone and second one received propofol with dexamethasone 5 minutes before the end of the operation. Prevalence of nausea and vomiting in both groups was surveyed for 4 hours and then data was compared with each other.
FINDINGS: The occurrence rate of nausea in metoclopramide group was higher than propofol group (28% versus 22%) that this difference was statistically significant (p=0.039). Occurrence of vomiting in patients received propofol associated with dexamethasone was considerably lower than the patients received metoclopramide associated with dexamethasone (12% versus 4%)
(p= 0.007).
CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, propofol associated with dexamethasone reduce nausea and vomiting in patients under spinal anesthesia.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: At present despite of wide spread application of tracheal tube with low-pressure cuff, complications of tracheal intubation have not disappeared. The main factor in post intubation tracheal stenosis is high cuff pressure that can cause stimulation and damage of trachea mucosa and thus, it causes scar after extubation. This study was done to define the complications of pressure effects of tracheal tube cuff on trachea.
METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study over 60 patients of ICU, who have been intubated for ≥24 h. In this study cuff pressure was measured every 6h by a cuff pressure monitor and were registered. Then after 2h, 24h, one weak, one month and 3 months after extubation, patients were followed. Presence of cough, stridor and dyspnea were registered. Any doubt of tracheal stenosis was followed by rigid bronchoscopy. Data was recorded and assessed.
FINDINGS: The mean age of patients was 45.36±11.3 years that 37 (61.66%) were male and 23 (38.3%) were female. Among patients without pulmonary disease, there were 16 patients (26.66%) with cough and stridor in the first 2 or 24h of extubation but all of them became asymptomatic in following up. Except one patient that because of cough, stridor and dyspnea in the first 24h was undergone rigid bronchoscopy with finding of atelectasis and collaps of lung, no tracheal stenosis or its complications were found.
CONCLUSION: It seems that maintenance of cuff pressure in the range of 20-30cm H2O and its regular monitoring is the best method for prevention of cuff pressure complications.