BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Many factors affect the speed and quality of wound healing. One of the purposes of medical sciences is wound healing in a short time with reduced side effects, since the effect and mechanism of action of Capers extract is not known on oral wound healing, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of the extract of this plant for the first time in oral wound healing in mice.

METHODS: Thirty-six adult male wistar rats weighing approximately 150-200 g each were used in the present study. We have 2 main groups, first group sacrificed at 5 days and second group at 10 days. Each of the groups was randomly subdivided into three subgroups as following: 1.rats treated with 200 mg/kg dosage, 2.rats treated with 300 mg/kg dosage, 3. Control groups (treated with distilled water), and each group contains 6 rats. After anesthesia wound was placed on the right side of dorsal surface of the tongue and the time of sacrifice histopathological examination, morphometry and immunohistochemistry was performed.

FINDINGS: After 5 days; Histopathological studies showed inflammatory cells (mast cells) count in treatment group with 200 mg/kg extraction dosage and blood vessels count in treated groups with 300 mg/kg was significantly higher than control groups. Result showed new epithelium is thicker in treated groups is higher compare to control group but it was not statistically significant although papillae thickness was significantly higher and lamina properia was lower in treatment groups. Results from immunohistochemistry showed significant lower nitric oxide synthase in treated group with 200mg/kg. Results after 10 days: results showed no significant results.

CONCLUSION: Capers extract by increasing the thickness of the epithelium papillae, reducing the thickness of the lining, increasing the number of blood vessels, increasing the number of mast cells and reduced expression of Nitric oxide synthases (INOS) can be involved in wound healing, oral rats