1 1561-4107 Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences 2477 Biochemical THE INOTROPIC AND CHRONOTROPIC EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM TEUCRIUM POLIUM L. ON GUINEA PIG ISOLATED HEART Niazmand S Erfanian Ahmadpour, M Mousavian M Saberi Z 1 4 2008 10 1 7 13 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Teucrium polium L. (TP) is widely used in traditional medicine. There are some reports on antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antibacterial effects of TP. The aim of this study was to investigate the inotropic and chronotropic effects of aqueousethanolic extract from TP on guinea pig isolated heart. METHODS: In this experimental study, 24 Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs weighted 350-450 g were used. The animals randomly divided into three groups (8 in each group): group 1 which the heart perfused by Krebs solution, group 2 which the heart perfused by Krebs calcium free solution and group 3 which the heart perfused by Krebs+diltiazem solution. The heart isolated after the aorta cannulated and connected to Langendorff setup. Three concentration of aqueousethanolic extarct from TP were infused to the heart for 1 minute. The heart rate and contractility recorded by computer. FINDINGS: The TP extract increased significantly the heart rate (HR) and contractility in all three groups. This effect was not concentration dependent. Comparing mean percent changes of HR and contractility between three groups showed a significant difference between groups 1 and 3 and also between groups 2 and 3, but the difference between groups 1 and 2 was not significant. CONCLUSION: The aqueous ethanolic extract from TP has a positive chronotropic and inotropic effects on guinea pig isolated heart. The extract has an agonistic effect on L-type calcium channels.
2478 Biochemical ASSESSMENT OF CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN WHITE BLOOD CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Hakhamaneshi, MS Mesbah Namin, S.AR Houshmand , Sahebghadam Lotfi A 1 4 2008 10 1 14 19 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a lung disease which is characterized by decreased expiratory flow rates, increased pulmonary resistance and hyperinflation. In vitro studies indicate that the activity of cytochrome C oxidase (COX) can be directly regulated by the presence of molecular oxygen. The aim of this study was to assess cytochrome C oxidase activity in white cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 42 patients under clinically stable conditions and 50 healthy sedentary volunteers of similar age. Whole blood was collected and white blood cells (WBCs) separated and lysed. The homogenates were centrifuged and the supernatants were used for total protein content, COX and citrate synthase activity. Absolute specific COX activity and relative activities were determined. FINDINGS: Mitochondrial COX activity and specific activity (absolute & relative) in WBCs were significantly increased (about 3.5 time) in patients with COPD in comparison with control samples. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the activity of COX is increased in WBCs of patients with COPD but whether this is a primary or secondary change relevant to hypoxic condition in these patients is not clear and need further study. 2479 Biochemical COMPARISON OF SERUM LEVELS OF CD26 AND CD30 IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE AND HEMODIALYTIC PATIENTS Rafiei, AR Makhlough A Hashemi Nasab S Mahdavi MR Mirabi AM 1 4 2008 10 1 20 27 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Various abnormalities of the immune system have been demonstrated in patients on hemodialysis. Imbalances in Th1 and Th2 responses have an important role in these complications. These cells produce predominantly some cytokine profiles and also express preferentially co-stimulatory CD26 and CD30 molecules. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of soluble CD26 and CD30 co-stimulatory molecules in sera of chronic renal failure (CRF) and hemodialytic patients (HD). METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 60 CRF patients (30 patients with CRF and 30 end-stage renal diseases under hemodialysis) and 60 healthy individuals. Renal function was evaluated by measuring serum levels of creatinine, albumin and urea. The serum levels of soluble CD26 and CD30 were determined by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FINDINGS: The serum levels of CD26 in the HD, CRF patients, and healthy controls were 275.4±125.6, 402.9± 103.1, and 389.2±117 ng/ml, respectively. The levels of CD26 was significantly decreased in the HD group compared to the CRF and control groups (p=0.002). On the other hand, the serum levels of CD30 in the HD, CRF patients, and healthy controls were 45.3±13.7, 38.9±14.5, 20.7±10.5 U/ml, respectively. The CD30 levels were significantly higher in HD and CRF patients than controls (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between HD and CRF groups (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: High serum levels of CD30 in line with low expression of CD26 indicate a Th2 polarization in immune responses of HD patients. It is possible that this Th2- dominated immune response may contribute to the abnormality of the immune system in HD patients. 2480 Biochemical COMPARISON OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN HYPOTHYROID CHILDREN UNDER LEVOTHYROXINE REPLACEMENT THERAPY WITH NORMAL CHILDREN Eshraghi, P Karamizadeh Z Amirhakimi A Amirhakimi GH.H 1 4 2008 10 1 28 32 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: According to the importance of thyroid hormone on growth, especially bone mineral density (BMD), in this study, long term effects of levothyroxine replacement therapy on BMD in hypothyroid children in comparison with normal children was evaluated. METHODS: In this historical cohort study, long term effects of levothyroxine on BMD and biochemical markers in acquired and congenital hypothyroid children versus compared group were evaluated. Twenty three children with congenital and acquired hypothyroidism who received levothyroxine replacement therapy regularly for at least 1 year and followed up once every 3 months were studied. In control 30 prepubertal children preferably from patients family were selected. FINDINGS: Mean age in compared group was 8.8±4.3 and in case group was 10.4±3.3 years and average duration of treatment was 7.3 years. Results of spine and femur BMD in patients was 0.73±0.26 and 0.70±0.17, respectively. Also in control, BMD of spine and femur was 0.77±0.07 and 0.57±0.28. So, the difference between two groups was not significant. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that levothyroxine replacement therapy do not decrease BMD in comparison with compared group. So, long term levothyroxine replacement therapy is not detrimental to the skeletal mineralization and BMD of patients with normal TSH will be as like as euthyroid healthy children. 2481 Biochemical EFFECT OF CERVICAL MICROBIAL FLORA ON ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY Emaeilzadeh, S Joursaraie GH.A Sefidgar, AA Basirat, Z Abedi S 1 4 2008 10 1 33 39 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Use of assisted reproductive technology is common for more than two decades. Many factors influence the success rate of these methods. One of the factors that was noticed in recent years is cervix microbial lora. This aim of this study was to consider the effect of cervical microbial flora on assisted reproductive technology. METHODS: This cross sectional study was performed on 50 infertile women who candidated for IVF-ICSI (In vitro fertilization- intracytoplasmic sperm injection) cycle. Through puncture and embryo transfer, samples were taken from cervix excretion and also all samples taken from the tip of embryo transfer catheter were cultured. Then the results of cultures were compared with parameters like time of sampling, pregnancy rate and endometriosis. FINDINGS: From 50 patients, 22 had positive culture that 9 patients had positive culture at the puncture time. Enterobacter, coli form and E. coli were common gram negative microorganisms. Pregnancy rate in negative culture group was 50% and in positive culture group was 30%.CONCLUSION: The results of this study show the negative effect of cervical bacterial flora on the implantation process. Cervical bacterial flora causes a decrease in pregnancy rate after embryo transfer. 2482 Biochemical EVALUATION OF BACKGROUND AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MENOPAUSAL RELATED SYMPTOMS Ayaty, S . Kadkhodayan S Vahid Roudsari, F Shakeri M.T 1 4 2008 10 1 40 45 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: With respect to increasing life expectancy in women, and anticipation that about one third of their life will expand after menopause and many of complications and problems that go along with menopause, attention to improve the quality of life has an important role. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between background environmental and socio demographic factors on menopausal symptoms.METHODS: This cross sectional study was done on 150 menopausal women who admitted to menopausal clinic of Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran from Jan 2004 to Jul 2005. The data collected with a questionnaire including environmental and socio demographic and clinical symptoms of menopause such as physical activity, flushing, urogenital symptoms, smoking and history of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). FINDINGS: Educational state, smoking, physical exercise and history of HRT affected menopausal symptoms. Flushing and other menopausal symptoms were less common in educated women (p=0.014). Flushing and urogenital symptoms were decreased by more physical exercise (p=0.000 and p=0.03, respectively). Smoking would aggravate flushing (p=0.05). Previous HRT increases dyspareunia but it had no relationship with flushing and urogenital symptoms. BMI, marriage status, job, medical disease, history of OCP consumption, parity and menopausal age didn t affect menopausal symptoms. CONCLUSION: Life style modification and creating conditions for good health in women of pre and post menopausal age can decrease the menopausal related symptoms and enhance the quality of life after menopause. 2483 Biochemical OUTBREAK OF cagA AND iceA IN H. PYLORI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH GASTRO DUODENAL DISEASES IN BABOL CITY Shokri Shirvani J Rajabnia, R Tohidi, F Asmar M Taheri H 1 4 2008 10 1 46 53 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacteria that afflicts world’ human population. Virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori have been associated with clinical outcome of the infection including gastritis, gastric ulcer (GU), duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to determine the outbreak of cagA and iceA genotypes of H. pylori in patients with gastroduodenal diseases in Babol, North of Iran.METHODS: Fifty patients with dyspepsia underwent gastroscopy and antral biopsy for histologic study. CagA, iceA, iceA1 and iceA2 genotypes were determined by PCR. FINDINGS: Of 30(60%) HP positive strains, 80% were positive for cagA gene. CagA genotype was positive in 91.7% (11 of 12), 73.3% (11 of 15) and 66.7% (2 of 3) of patients with gastritis, DU and GU, respectively. IceA was positive in 21(70%) of all patients and iceA1 was found in 14(66.7%) isolates and iceA2 was found in 23.8% isolates. IceA1 and IceA2 were not found in 2(9.5%). IceA1 outbreak in patients with gastritis, DU and GU was 88.9%, 45.5% and 50%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Positive cagA strain was more than negative cagA and, iceA1 was predominant strains in our patients with HP infection. We found that two genes other than iceA1 and iceA2 in this study. It seems that new allele other than iceA1 and iceA2 genes are present in H. pylori. 2484 Biochemical DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF BARIUM ENEMA IN HIRSCHSPRUNG S DISEASE Karami, H Alamsahebpour, AR Ghasemi, M Khademloo M 1 4 2008 10 1 54 59 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hirschsprungs disease (HD) is a congenital defect in pediatric patients, which is manifested by bowel obstruction in neonates or constipation in children. The gold standard of diagnosis is absence of ganglionic cells in myenteric neural plexus and submucosa of bowel. With regard to barium enema is a simple, less invasive and more available method than rectal biopsy, diagnostic evaluation of barium enema compared with rectal biopsy (as a diagnostic method) in HD is important. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 84 children with clinical manifestations of HD that referred to Boo-Ali Sina hospital of Sari, Iran were assessed from 2004 through 2007. Barium enema and rectal biopsy were carried out for all cases. Patients divided into three age groups as follows: under 1 month, 1- 12 months, more than 12 months. Patient with previous history of anorectal surgery and negative pathology of HD excluded from the study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of barium enema were calculated for identifying of the HD. FINDINGS: From 84 studied children, 28(33.3%) were girl. The mean age of the children was 26.1 months. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of barium enema for diagnosis of the HD were 63.5%, 78.1%, 82.5%, and 56.8%, respectively. Diagnostic value of barium enema was calculated according to age groups mentioned above, that there were significant differences among them (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that the validity of barium enema for identifying of the HD is completely age related. This validity in specificity and positive predictive value are more significant than in sensitivity and negative predictive value. Therefore, it is recommended considering all three aspects of clinical manifestations, barium enema and rectal biopsy in diagnosis of HD. Of course, the diagnostic value is related to rectal biopsy. 2485 Biochemical PREVALENCE OF SMALL BOWEL PROTOZOAN AMONG DYSPEPTIC PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY (TEHRAN 2004-2006) Jahani, MR Shafiee R Safavi Naeini P Rezaian M Amini, M Ebrahimi Daryani E Montazeri M Montazeri M Shirzad H 1 4 2008 10 1 60 66 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Due to the relationship between small bowel parasites and dyspepsia, investigation on the prevalence of such parasites among dyspeptic patients seems to be important. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of small bowel parasites within a group of dyspeptic patients who have been referred to endoscopy ward of selected hospitals in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: This analytical study was performed on 130 patients who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in endoscopy ward of Baghiatollah, Valiasr and Imam Khomeini hospitals of Tehran during 2004-2006. Duodenal aspiration, duodenal biopsy, and stool exam (S/E) were hired to find any infection with such parasites. Moreover, rapid urease test was used in order to find infection with Helicobacter pylori. These patients had no history of malignancy, genetic and/or metabolic diseases, and any history of treatment with antibiotics at least for 3 consecutive days within past month. FINDINGS: Stool exam was obtained from 105 patients, however all 130 patients had undergone duodenal aspiration and duodenal biopsy giardia was isolated from 4 patients (3.9%). Duodenal aspiration and biopsy were positive for giardia among 2(1.5%) and 1(0.8%) patients respectively. No infection with cryptosporidium, isospora, and cyclospora was detected. According to rapid urease test 61 patients (46.9%) were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Those with giardiasis were simultaneously infected with helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSION: It seems that giardiasis and infection with other small bowel parasites are not so important among dyspeptic patients, while Helicobacter pylori play an important role among such patients. In addition, larger number of stool exam infected with giardia can be diagnosed with formalin ether concentration method. 2486 Biochemical PHYSICAL AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN RAMSAR CITY IN 2003 Karimi, H Sam SH Sajadi P 1 4 2008 10 1 67 76 02 06 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Poor health and malnutrition in childhood may affect cognitive abilities necessary for learning process and consequently, educational achievement. This study was done to determine physical and nutritional status in primary school children in Ramsar, Iran in 2003. METHODS: In this cross- sectional study 294 primary school children (grades 1-5) were selected by cluster sampling. Data was gathered by demographic questionnaire, hygienic and curative form, Harvard s Food Frequency Questionnaire (HFFQ). Every assessed item in hygienic and curative form (visual acuity, hearing, spinal cord, skin, hair and nails status) with normal health status has 1 score. Therefore 4 score means normal health status and 0-3 score means deviation from normal health status. FINDINGS: Mean age for the children was 9.5 years. The prevalence of normal health status was 65.6% (193 children) and the prevalence of deviation from normal health status was 34.4% (101 children). There was significant relationship between normal health status with their fathers literacy (p= 0.028) and sex (p=0.0001). 29.3%, 53.7%, 77.8%, 13% and 27.7% of samples always ate dairy products, meat, egg, vegetables and fruits, respectively. There was significant relationship between family income sufficiency with frequency of milk and dairy products (p=0.001) and meat (p=0.0001) and fruits (0.0001). CONCLUSION: Government policies need to focus on promotion of physical health status, nutrition education through adult education programs and incorporating it in the school curricula and promotion of family income sufficiency.