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Immunohistochemical Expression of Glypican-3 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Oral Dysplastic Epithelium, and Non-Cancerous Oral Epithelium
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F Azargoon    , Gh Kamrani , S Seyedmajidi , M Seyedmajidi * |
| 4.Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R.Iran. , ms_majidi79@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (78 Views) |
Background and Objective: Oral Squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cancer, and its early detection by molecular histopathological techniques can improve treatment outcomes. Glypican-3 (GPC3) plays a dual role (oncofetal and tumor suppressive) in various cancers. The aim of this study is to compare the expression of GPC3 between OSCC, dysplastic epithelium and non-cancerous oral epithelium.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the immunohistochemical expression of GPC3 was assessed in 87 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of OSCC, as well as dysplastic and tumor-free margins of lesions obtained from 29 patients. Clinical and demographic data including age and gender of patients, lesion location, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and clinical stage, were extracted from patient records. The score of GPC3 staining was determined based on the percentage of stained epithelial cells and the intensity of staining. The final GPC3 expression score was calculated by multiplying the staining intensity score by the score obtained from the percentage of stained epithelial cells. Scores of 4 or less were considered as low expression of GCP3 and scores between 5 and 12 were considered as high expression of GPC3.
Findings: The expression of GPC3 was higher in both OSCC and dysplastic epithelium compared to normal oral mucosa (p<0.001). However, no statistically significant relationship was found between GPC3 expression and clinicopathologic parameters. High expression of GPC3 was observed in 45% of OSCC samples and 41% of dysplastic epithelium samples but only low expression of GPC3 was observed in non-cancerous oral epithelium samples.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that GPC3 expression is higher in OSCC and dysplastic epithelium compared to non-cancerous oral epithelium. Therefore, GPC3 can be considered as an oncofetal gene contributing to initiation of carcinogenesis and its development, as well as the progression of OSCC. |
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| Keywords: Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Dysplastic Epithelium, Non-Cancerous Oral Epithelium, Glypican-3. |
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Full-Text [PDF 732 kb]
(23 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Dentistry (Pathology)
Received: 2024/11/16 | Accepted: 2025/01/21 | Published: 2025/12/29
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