2024-03-28T15:31:48+03:30 http://jbums.org/browse.php?mag_id=440&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
440-5828 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Evaluation of the Anatomical Relationship between the Mandibular Canal and Roots of Third Molars Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) S Haghanifar E Moudi S Yaghoobi Soophiayaghoobi@yahoo.com A Bijani N Ghasemi BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Injury to the inferior alveolar nerve during extraction of mandibular third molars is one of the serious complications after surgery. Therefore, the precise localization of IAN in relation to the third molar is one of the critical issues before extraction of this tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the position of mandibular canal in the mandible and its relation to the roots of the third molar using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a selected Iranian population. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the CBCT images of 168 patients (214 mandibular third molars) were evaluated. The position of the mandibular canal in the mandible (lingual, central, buccal) and the position of the mandibular canal with respect to the root apex (lingually, centrally and buccally), were recorded. FINDINGS: Mandibular canals were located lingually in 68.5% of cases, centrally in 27.3% of cases, and buccally in 4.2% of cases(p<0.001). Also, of 355 third molar roots evaluated, 5.4% were located lingually, 26.5% centrally, and 68.2% buccally with respect to the mandibular canal (p<0.001). Furthermore, the position of the mandibular canal in relation to the mesial and distal roots of third molars with separate roots (141 teeth) was different in 25 cases. CONCLUSION: Considering the results of this study that in most cases the mandibular canal is not in line with the roots of third molars, the use of three-dimensional imaging techniques such as CBCT is essential to the investigation of the relationship between the mandibular canal and the roots of this tooth. Third Molar Mandibular Canal Cone-beam Computed Tomography Oral Surgery. 2016 3 01 7 13 http://jbums.org/article-1-5828-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.7
440-5655 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Comparison of Dialysis Adequacy in Permanent Catheter, Fistula, and Graft Vascular Access Types M Esmaeilivand mehdi20.mohamadi@gmail.com MM Mohammadi A Khatony F Najafi BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dialysis adequacy is one the leading causes of mortality in hemodialysis patients. On the other hand, type of vascular access is considered as one of the effective variables in dialysis adequacy. This study was performed to compare dialysis adequacy in three types of vascular access, namely permanent catheter, fistula, and graft. METHODS:This sectional study was performed in 151 hemodialysis patients, who were chosen through convenience sampling and were allocated to permanent catheter (n=66), fistula (n=66), and graft (n=19) groups. The study was conducted in the Hemodialysis Ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. Dialysis adequacy was evaluated and compared in the three groups using urea reduction ratio (URR) and Kt/V criteria. FINDINGS:Based on URR and Kt/V criteria, the mean of dialysis adequacy was 58.46±20.13 and 1.26±0.34, respectively, mean differences of URR and Kt/V criteria were not significant in the three groups. CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrated that there were no differences between permanent catheter, fistula, and graft types of vascular access in terms of dialysis adequacy; thus, any of these methods can be applied in its specific indication without being concerned about dialysis inadequacy. Dialysis adequacy Permanent catheter Fistula Graft 2016 3 01 14 18 http://jbums.org/article-1-5655-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.14
440-5608 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Comparison of the Effects of Transcervical Ccatheter, Laminaria and Isosorbide Mononitrate on Cervical Ripening F Movahed E Hajseyed Javadi dr_seidjavadi@yahoo.com H Pakniat M Iranipour Z Yazdi BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cervical ripening plays a pivotal role in successful induction of labor. Considering the importance of vaginal delivery, numerous methods have been proposed to ripen the cervix before proceeding with labor induction. This study aimed to compare the effects of transcervical catheter, Laminaria, and Isosorbide mononitrate on cervical ripening. METHODS: This clinical study was conducted at Kosar Teaching Hospital of Qazvin, Iran on 75 singleton nulliparous women with gestational age of ≥39 weeks and Bishop score of less than four. Participants were randomly divided into three groups of transcervical catheter, Laminaria, and isosorbide mononitrate. In the first group, oxytocin was administered after the spontaneous discharge of catheter, and immediately after obtaining the Bishop score of >4 in the other groups. The following parameters were recorded and compared between the study groups: interval between the time of labor induction and cervical ripening, Bishop score at the time of induction, interval between oxytocin administration and full cervical dilation, duration of the second and third labor phases, mode of delivery, and maternal and neonatal complications (IRCT: 2014012616368N1). FINDINGS: In this study, mean duration of cervical ripening was 150±42.42 minutes in the catheter group, 337.77±99.38 minutes in the Laminaria group, and 732.63±105.03 minutes in the isosorbide mononitrate group (p=0.001). Bishop scores at the time of labor induction and during the interval between induction and full cervical dilation were significantly lower in the transcervical catheter group (p=0.001). Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the study groups in terms of the duration of the second and third labor phases, mode of delivery, and maternal and neonatal complications. CONCLUSION: According to results of this study, use of transcervical catheter led to the improvement of the Bishop score and reduced length of labor phases. Cervical ripening Isosorbide mononitrate Laminaria Pregnancy termination Transcervical catheter 2016 3 01 19 24 http://jbums.org/article-1-5608-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.19
440-5081 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Increased Toxicity of Chemotherapeutic Drugs by All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Cd44 Cells A Abbasi asadallahabbasi@gmail.com M Mazani N Najafzadeh M Amani H Sheykhkanlooy Milan BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In recent studies, undifferentiated CD44 cells have been introduced as the major cause of chemotherapeutic drug resistance in esophageal cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid on reducing chemotherapeutic drug resistance and improving the associated toxic effects. METHODS: In this clinical study, CD44+ and CD44- cells were separated from KYSE-30 cell line, using magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) method. The cytotoxic effects of retinoic acid treatment, combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, were separately evaluated in two cell groups, i.e., CD44+ and CD44-. Cytotoxicity was determined by identifying cellular metabolic activity, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, and flow cytometry. FINDINGS: In this study, CD44 marker was expressed in 6.25% of the cell population in KYSE-30 cell line. The results of flow cytometry revealed that treatment with a combination of retinoic acid and chemotherapeutic drugs could improve cell cycle arrest in CD44+ cells (p<0.05), unlike CD44- cells. Determination of cellular metabolic activity, increased cell apoptosis along with decreased half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining were indicative of the increased percentage of primary and secondary apoptotic CD44+ cells. However, in CD44- cells, these effects were only observed by using a combination of retinoic acid and cisplatin (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The present results showed that all-trans retinoic acid could increase the toxicity of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in CD44+ cells. KYSE-30 cell line Retinoic acid Cisplatin 5-fluorouracil CD44 Chemotherapy 2016 3 01 25 32 http://jbums.org/article-1-5081-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.25
440-5582 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Enhanced Serum Endogenous Ouabain in a Model of Sporadic Type of Alzheimer\'s Disease Induced by Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin Injection M Zahmatkesh zahmatkm@tums.ac.ir S Hosseinzadeh M Karimian Gh Hassanzadeh BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Serum level of digitalis-like factors or sodium pump inhibitors increase under numerous pathogenic circumstances. Diminution of sodium pump activity was reported to be secondary to beta-amyloid oligomers, though the mechanism involved remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the alteration in serum levels of endogenous ouabain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sodium in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease, induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ). METHODS: In this empirical study, 48 male rats were randomly divided into six groups of saline and STZ. Alzheimer’s model was induced by ICV injection of STZ (3 mg/kg) on the first and third days. CSF samples were drawn from cisterna magna, and blood samples were collected from caudal vein. Thereafter, serum levels of ouabain and CSF sodium were evaluated 2, 7, and 14 days after STZ/saline injection in the test groups. Cresyl violet and Congo red stains were applied to study neuronal morphology and presence of amyloid plaques. FINDINGS: The mean serum levels of ouabain in the STZ groups were 0.2±0.05 ng/mL vs. 0.54±0.04 ng/mL on the second day, 0.3±0.02 ng/mL vs. 0.59±0.06 ng/mL on the seventh day, and 0.2±0.07 ng/mL vs. 0.65±0.08 ng/mL on the fourteenth day. These results indicated a significant increase of endogenous ouabain in the experimental groups compared to the saline groups (p<0.05). On the second day, CSF sodium concentration in the STZ groups was significantly higher than the saline groups (142.6±2.9 vs. 150.6±3.2; p<05.0). However, despite the increasing trend, in the STZ groups there were no significant differences between the 7- and 14-day STZ groups. CONCLUSION: In this study, elevated serum level of endogenous ouabain is a sign of early pathological changes in sodium pump activity and can be recommended as a potential therapeutic target Alzheimer’s Ouabain Streptozotocin 2016 3 01 33 37 http://jbums.org/article-1-5582-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.33
440-5534 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 An Evaluation of the Influence of Royal Jelly on Differentiation of Stem Cells into Neuronal Cells Invitro M Ebrahimie S Asgharzadih H Shirzad N Ebrahimie M Hoseini M Karimian kakolake M Rafieian- kopaei rafieian@yahoo.com BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: P19 carcinoma stem cells are able to differentiate into embryonic cells with three germ layers. Given the fact that differentiated cells can reduce complications associated with degenerative diseases of the nervous system, in this study, we aimed to investigate the differentiation of P19 stem cells into neuronal cells under the influence of royal jelly. METHODS: In this basic-applied research, embryoid bodies, prepared in P19 cell suspension culture, were transferred to gelatinized containers and classified in six groups, receiving 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg/ml of royal jelly, respectively; five wells were allocated to each group of cells. Morphological evaluation of cell differentiation was performed via cresyl violet staining. Also, immunofluorescence technique was used to track the expression of neuronal marker proteins such as synaptophysin and β-tubulin III. Finally, the findings were analyzed. FINDINGS: The present findings showed that cells exposed to royal jelly responded positively to specific staining of nerve cells. In groups receiving different concentrations of royal jelly, the mean percentage of cell differentiation was significantly higher than the negative control group (9±2.3). The highest percentage of cell differentiation was observed in groups treated with 200 and 300 mg/ml of royal jelly, respectively (98±4.8 and 99.3±2.2, respectively) (p<0.05). Based on the findings, the mean percentage of cell differentiation in the group receiving 200 mg/ml of royal jelly was not significantly different from the group receiving a concentration of 300 mg/ml. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that P19 cells are able to differentiate into neuronal cells, and therefore, they could be used in cell-based therapy for neurological diseases. Carcinomatous stem cells Differentiation of neural stem cells Neural markers 2016 3 01 38 44 http://jbums.org/article-1-5534-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.38
440-5404 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Iron Ions on Reproductive Indices of Pregnant Syrian Rats and Neuro-Behavioral Development of Newborns F Anbarian SR Fatemi Tabatabaei fatemi_r@scu.ac.ir I Kazeminezhad S Mohammadian BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Considering the high sensitivity of embryo and fetus to toxic agents and increasing use of nanomaterials such as iron oxide nanoparticles in medicine, this study aimed to determine the effects of iron oxide nanoparticles and iron ions on reproductive indices of pregnant Syrian rats and neuro-behavioral development of their newborns. METHODS: This experimental study was conducted on 49 pregnant Syrian rats, which were divided into one control and three study groups. The study groups were subcutaneously injected 100 and 1000 µg/kg of iron oxide nanoparticles and 1000 µg/kg of ferric iron ions (equivalent to the amount of iron ions in 1000 µg/kg of iron oxide nanoparticles), respectively. Injections were performed four days before mating until delivery on alternate days. Reproductive indices of pregnant rats, as well as neuro-behavioral and physical development of newborns, were evaluated with respect to sex; newborns’ development was recorded in days. FINDINGS: Multiple neuro-behavioral reflexes and developmental indices were delayed in the study groups, especially in the group receiving 1000 µg/kg of iron oxide nanoparticles, compared to the control group. Based on the findings, cliff-drop aversion reflex (1.35±0.13 and 2.70±0.13, respectively; p<0.001),  level or vertical stick reflex(2.55±0.20 and 3.45±0.20, respectively; p<0.01), negative geotaxis (2.60±0.22 and 3.50±0.22, respectively; p<0.01), bar holding reflex (5.85±0.44 and 7.30±0.44, respectively; p<0.05), running (7.75±0.23, 8.70±0.23; p<0.01), fur development (5.90±0.18 and 6.85±0.18, respectively; p<0.001), eye opening (14.25±0.22 and 15.25±0.22, respectively; p<0.01), and testes descent (21.20±0.18 and 22.40±0.18, respectively; p<0.001) were delayed in rats receiving 1000 µg/kg of iron oxide nanoparticles, compared to the control group. However, in most cases, shorter delays were observed in groups receiving 100 µg/kg of iron oxide nanoparticles and 1000 µg/kg of iron ions, respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles in the embryonic period could lead to severe complications; also, iron oxide nanoparticles were shown to be more toxic than iron ions Iron oxide nanoparticles Prenatal period Infancy Neuro-behavioral development 2016 3 01 45 53 http://jbums.org/article-1-5404-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.45
440-5072 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 The Effects of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Berberis Vulgaris, Descurainia Sophia and Silybum Marianum on Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase, and Malondialdehyde Concentration in Male Diabetic Rats M Mohamadifard mohamadm47@gmail.com H Nazem J Mottaghipisheh BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Antioxidants can reduce the occurrence of long-term damages, caused by free radicals. Considering the importance of enhanced oxidative stress in the occurrence of nanoparticle-induced damages and effects of plant extracts on reducing oxidative stress, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of copper oxide nanoparticles and hydroalcoholic extracts of Berberis vulgaris, Descurainia sophia, and silymarin on catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde concentrations in male diabetic rats. METHODS: In this experimental study, 50 Wistar rats (250-350 g) were divided in ten groups (five rats per group): healthy controls, healthy rats receiving nanoparticles, healthy rats receiving Berberis vulgaris, Descurainia sophia, and silymarin extracts (independently), diabetic controls, diabetic rats receiving copper nanoparticles, and diabetic rats receiving the extracts independently. In diabetic groups, diabetes was induced in half of the rats, using alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg. In addition to copper oxide nanoparticles, the control and diabetic groups independently received 0.5 cc of Berberis vulgaris, Descurainia sophia, and Silybum marianum extracts via intraperitoneal injection for 30 days. Then, the animals were anesthetized with ketamine and the liver tissues were removed. The concentrations of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde were measured and compared. FINDINGS: In diabetic groups treated with copper nanoparticles, a significant increase was reported in the concentration of malondialdehyde (from 4.7±0.447 to 5.05±0.405). Moreover, a significant decline was observed in the activity of catalase enzymes (from 36.8±1.48 to 36.2±1.4832) and glutathione peroxidase (from 75.4±3.9115 to 72.4±4.3362). Based on the findings, Silybum marianum was more effective than Berberis vulgaris and Descurainia sophia in diminishing the effects of cooper nanoparticles. CONCLUSION: The present results showed that the studied herbal extracts could be used for moderating the effects of oxidative stress, induced by copper oxide nanoparticles Copper oxide nanoparticles Herbal extracts Diabetic rats Catalase Malondialdehyde Glutathione peroxidase 2016 3 01 54 61 http://jbums.org/article-1-5072-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.54
440-5666 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Evaluation of the Frequency of Virulence Genes in Enterococcus Faecalis Isolates from Fecal Samples by Multiplex PCR Method F Kazemeini faegheh.kazemeini@gmail.com K Amini kamini@iau-saveh.ac.ir BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Enterococcus faecalis, as the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, contains virulence factors which are involved in bacterial colonization, immune system resistance, competition with other microorganisms, and damage to the host through the production of secretory factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of virulence genes in Enterococcus faecalis isolates obtained from fecal samples by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. METHODS: In this descriptive-analytical study, 200 fecal samples were collected from Kerman medical centers, and 60 Enterococcus faecalis isolates were identified by culturing in selective media (e.g., KF Streptococcus agar) and performing biochemical tests. Multiplex PCR method was used to identify virulence genes. FINDINGS: Based on the findings, the frequency of Enterococcus faecalis infection was 52% and 48% among females and males, respectively; overall, the frequency of virulence genes was higher in females than males. Also, according to the results, asa1 (80.6%) and cylA (16.1%) genes had the highest and lowest frequencies, respectively, whereas hyl gene was not detectable in any of the samples. CONCLUSION: As the findings revealed, the frequency of Enterococcus faecalis infection was higher in the female population. Considering the anatomy of female urinary tract and the subsequent recurrent infections in women, the frequency of virulence genes was higher in women. Enterococcus faecalis Virulence genes Polymerase chain reaction 2016 3 01 62 68 http://jbums.org/article-1-5666-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.62
440-5340 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences J Babol Univ Med Sci 1561-4107 2251-7170 10.22088/jbums 2016 18 3 Personal and Behavioral Factors Affecting Body Mass Index in First Grade Highschool Students of Babol, Iran S Hoseini seiyedi R Malekzadeh Kebria H Ashrafian amiri R Habibzadeh M Aligoltabar SD Nasrollapour shirvani dnshirvani@gmail.com BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, increasing body mass index (BMI) in adolescents is a major threat for communities, and various factors can play a role in this regard. This study aimed to evaluate several personal and behavioral factors contributing to the increasing trend in BMI of students of Babol, Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 504 students, who were selected through random stratified sampling during spring 2014. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire evaluating demographic and behavioral variables including age, fast food consumption, exercise, walking, physiological puberty, and breastfeeding. The questionnaires were filled out by the students and their mothers. BMI of the students was calculated and analyzed based on the percentiles of CDC 2000 standards. FINDINGS: The mean BMI of 496 students was 21.5±4.4 kg/m2; 78(15.7%) students were overweight and 71(14.3%) were obese. Mean BMI of the female students was higher than males (21.9±4.3 vs. 21.0±4.5); the mean BMI of the pubertal students was higher than those who had not reached puberty (21.9±4.3 vs. 20.5±4.3), and mean BMI of the students who owned a family car was higher than those who did not (21.6±4.2 vs. 20.9±4.3). Moreover, duration of breastfeeding (r=-0.103, p=0.021), motor vehicle ownership, consumption of fast foods and soft drinks, as well as walking had a significant relationship with BMI (p<0.05). Contrastingly, BMI did not have a significant relationship with birth order, possessing a bicycle, commuting between home and school, knowledge of computer, television viewing, hours of reading, as well as parental age, education, and occupation. CONCLUSION: The results showed that some personal and social factors could increase BMI of the students Body Mass Index Students Overweight Obesity 2016 3 01 69 75 http://jbums.org/article-1-5340-en.pdf 10.22088/jbums.18.3.69