@article{ author = {Kashef, M and Nejatmand, N and Kashef, AR and Gheyratmand, R}, title = {Compare the Effects of Caffeine on QTc Interval and Blood Pressure During Isometric and Isotonic Contractions in Male Athletes and Non-Athletes}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: QTc fluctuations, in rest and exercise lead to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Caffeine is an energy source and it may moderate this bad fluctuation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of caffeine on QTc and blood pressure during isometric and isotonic contractions in athletic and non-athletic men. METHODS: in this semi-experimental study, 20 healthy men were randomly selected and placed in two groups of athletes and non-athletes. Pre-test: at first, each subject pressed the dynamometer handle at maximum power for 30s (isometric). After 25 min rest, the isotonic activity was performed in 15 repetitions of 5 seconds. At the end, each subject takes 400 mg of caffeine, and after 60min, the post-test similarly, was repeated as a pre-test. QTc changes and blood pressure were checked before and after the test. FINDINGS: The average weight of individuals was 76±13.93 kg. Caffeine in the athlete group resulted in a decrease in QTc during isometric and isotonic contractions of 11.5 ms and 15ms respectively. But in nonathlete groups, QTc during isometric and isotonic contractions were respectively 0.7ms increase and 4.1 ms decrease. There was no significant correlation between QTc in both groups, but diastolic blood pressure increased significantly (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that caffeine consumption had no significant effect on QTc interval but it affected diastolic blood pressure}, Keywords = {QTc interval, Caffeine, Blood pressure, Isotonic, Isometric, Athletes and nonathletes.}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {7-14}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.22088/jbums.20.3.7}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-6865-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-6865-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Shobeiri, E and Salehi, MG and FatahiBavandpour, M and Hoseini, J}, title = {The Relationship between Uterine Endometrial Neovascularization and Pelvic Pain Intensity}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pelvic pain is one of the most important symptoms of endometriosis. There is evidence that high blood flow to endometrioma is associated with more pelvic pain, but this has not been completely proven. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between uterine endometrial neovascularization and pelvic pain intensity. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 76 patients with ovarian endometrioma (based on the final diagnostic pathology) were divided into two groups of mild/moderate pelvic pain (VAS lower than 66) and severe pelvic pain (VAS 66 to 100) in terms of pelvic pain intensity (using the visual analog scale). Patients underwent transvaginal doppler ultrasound prior to surgery, and endometrial neovascularization, as well as resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) in the artery of the endometrioma cyst wall were measured and were compared between two groups of mild/moderate pelvic pain and severe pelvic pain. FINDINGS: Moderate and severe neovascularization (50%) in patients with severe pelvic pain was significantly higher than patients with mild/moderate pelvic pain (13%) (p=0.005). The mean RI in the group with severe pelvic pain (0.59±0.05) was lower than the mild/moderate group (0.66±0.06) (p<0.001). The mean PI in patients with pelvic pain (1.07±0.13) was lower than patients with mild/moderate pelvic pain (1.14±0.15) (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Severe neovascularization and low RI and PI indices in transvaginal doppler ultrasound of ovarian endometrioma indicate high activity of endometrium and is associated with severe pelvic pain in patients.  }, Keywords = {Ovary, Endometriosis, Pelvic pain, Doppler ultrasound}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {15-20}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.15}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-6863-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-6863-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Chehelcheraghi, F and Anbari, Kh}, title = {Histological Evaluation of Different Types of Mastocytes in the Skin Flap Using Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Biological Growth Factor}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Skin flap is one of the most commonly used methods in plastic surgery. Postoperative skin flap necrosis is one of the complications of flap skin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and chick embryo extract (CEE) on mast cells in a randomized skin flap in rats. METHODS: In this experimental study, 40 male albino Wistar rats weighing 250 – 300 g were divided into four groups of 10 (control, CEE/BM-MSCs, CEE and BM-MSCs). Skin flap (30 × 80 mm) was created behind the animals. Surgery was performed on day zero and therapeutic intervention was done on the same day. Mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from rat bone marrow and were injected. CEE was prepared from a 9-day-old embryo of Marandi chicken. On the seventh day after the surgery, samples were assessed in term of type, and the total number of mast cells (type 1 to 3) in the transfer line. FINDINGS: The difference between the mean number of mast cells type 1 (3.67±1.91) (p=0.99), and type 3 (1.9±1.47) (p=0.384) was not significant in the study groups, but was statistically significant in type 2 (2.27±1.42) in different study groups (p=0.005). There was also a statistically significant difference between the mean total number of mast cells (2.32±0.84) in the BM-MSCs group and other experimental groups (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, increase in mast cell type 2, the improvement of small vessels and decrease in mast cell type 3 lead to the reduction of scarring and fibrosis}, Keywords = {Biological Growth Factor, Mast Cells, Flap Surgery, CEE.}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {21-28}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.21}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7154-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7154-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Hajiani, E and Parsi, A and ErfanianTaghvaie, K and Morvaridi, M}, title = {The Relationship between Serum Zinc Level and Liver Elastrography Using Fibroscan in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Patients}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Zinc is one of the essential elements for many vital functions of the body, including regulation of gene expression, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, protein and nucleic acids metabolism. Since, many people develop advanced liver disease, including liver cirrhosis, they have zinc deficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between liver stiffness and serum zinc levels in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Patients referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz in 1395. Serum zinc levels and liver Stiffness (based on METAVIR scale) were measured by fibroscan, and Age, sex, serum zinc level and liver fibroscan were recorded. Serum zinc level at different ages and scores of Liver stiffness was compared and analyzed. FINDINGS: This study was conducted on 40 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The number of men was 26 patients (65%). Mean age of patients was 45.077±9.4 years, mean serum zinc level was 81.4±8.1 and mean liver stiffness was 6.5±2.1 kPa. Serum zinc level had a reverse and strong correlation with liver stiffness (p=0.0001, r=0.9). Also, with age increasing, liver stiffness increased (p=0.01, r=0.5) and serum zinc level decreased (p=0.01, r=0.5). CONCLUSION: According to findings of the present study, the serum zinc level significantly decreased with fibrosis progression in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver.}, Keywords = {Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver, Zinc, Elasticity Imaging Techniques. }, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {29-35}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.29}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7036-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7036-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Tahmasebi, H and Alikhani, MY and Dehbashi, S and Arabestani, MR}, title = {Investigation of the Relationship between the Presence of Chromosomal and Plasmid-Encoded AmpC Genes and Type of Clinical Specimen in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Different clinical specimens play a decisive role in the type and nature of drug resistance in pathogenic organisms. Occasionally, the presence of certain antibiotic resistance genes is associated with the type of clinical specimen. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the presence of chromosomal and plasmid-encoded AmpC genes and type of clinical specimen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS: In this descriptive and experimental study, 114 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and clinical specimens including blood, urine, wound secretion, burn injuries were collected from teaching hospitals in Hamadan. The presence of chromosomal and plasmid-encoded AmpC genes was evaluated using multiplex PCR technique. FINDINGS: The plasmid-encoded AmpC genes were observed more than chromosomal genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The FOX gene with a value of 29 (37.66%) (p≤0.037) and DHA gene with a value of 5(6.4%) (p≤0.015) in plasmid-encoded AmpC genes, while FOX gene with a value of 39 (48.75%) (p≤0.001) and MOX gene with a value of 2 (7.36%) in chromosomal AmpC genes had the highest and lowest frequency, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that the presence of chromosomal and plasmid-encoded AmpC genes may have various frequencies according to the type of clinical specimen.}, Keywords = {Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Drug Resistance, Ambler Classification of Β-Lactamases, Plasmid, Chromosome}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {36-43}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.36}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7121-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7121-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Lashani, E and Davoodabadi, A and SoltanDallal, MM}, title = {Antimicrobial Effects of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Lactobacillus Paracasei Isolated from Honey against Staphylococcus Aureus}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lactobacilli are gram positive, catalase-negative, and found in a variety of fermented foods such as honey, as well as human normal flora. The aim of this study was to identify lactobacillus Plantarum and lactobacillus Paracasei in Iranian honey samples and to investigate the probiotic and antimicrobial properties of them against Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated 88 honey samples from different areas in Iran at 6 months, from May to September, 2016. Samples were cultured in MRS broth and after were cultured on MRS agar. Sequencing of 16S rDNA gene was used to detect lactobacillus isolates. Then probiotic capacity (acid and bile resistance) of isolates was measured. Antimicrobial activity of lactobacillus isolates was investigated by diffusion method from wells and antibiotic resistance by disc diffusion method. FINDINGS: From 88 honey samples, 39 Lactobacillus isolates were isolated, four L. plantarum and two L. paracasei were identified by molecular technique. Every six isolates tolerated acidity but were sensitive to bile salt. Five isolates inhibited the growth of S. aureus. The most antibiotic resistance of Lactobacillus strains was seen to vancomycin(100%), nalidixic acid(100%) and streptomycin(100%). CONCLUSION: Iranian honey samples can be a source for different Lactobacillus species as L. plantarum and L. Paracasei which some of these species could have wonderful inhibitory effects against pathogen bacteria like S. aureus.  }, Keywords = {Lactobacillus, Honey, Probiotics, Staphylococcus Aureus}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {44-49}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.44}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7147-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7147-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Azad, F and Najati, V and Shalizarjalali, A and Najafi, Gh and Rahmani, F}, title = {The Protective Effect of Royal Jelly on Testicular Tissue and Sperm Parameters in Adult Mice Treated with Nicotine}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: As a medicinal compound, nicotine has adverse effects on the male reproductive system. Since royal jelly can modify the oxidative stress through its antioxidant properties, this study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of royal jelly on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in adult mice treated with nicotine. METHODS: In this experimental study, 36 adult male mice were randomly divided into six groups of six. The first group received physiologic serum, the second group received royal jelly at 100 mg / kg / day, and the third and fourth groups received nicotine at 0.5 mg / kg / day and 1 mg / kg / day, respectively. The fifth and sixth groups received 0.5 mg / kg / day and 1 mg / kg / day royal jelly in addition to nicotine, respectively. After weighing and dissection, left testicles were used for histological studies and left epididymal sperm were used for sperm evaluations. FINDINGS: Nicotine caused a significant decrease in spermatogonial cells (0.5: 36.40±2.92 and 1: 31.80±5.12) and significant increase in non-motile (0.5: 36.40±2.92 and 1: 31.80±5.12), dead (0.5: 19.06±0.71 and 1: 25.38±1.41) and abnormal (0.5: 17.07±0.68 and 1: 32.25±1.27) sperm compared with the control group (8.12±0.27, 11.08±1.03 and 8.36±0.61, respectively) (p<0.05). The co-administration of royal jelly significantly reduced the spermatogonial cell count (0.5+royal jelly: 43.25±3.80 and 1+royal jelly: 42.22±5.28) and improved the amount of non-motile (0.5+royal jelly: 11.01±1.49 and 1+royal jelly: 12.36±1.21), dead (0.5+royal jelly: 11.73±0.97 and 1+royal jelly: 12.31±1.07) and abnormal (0.5+royal jelly: 10.62±0.85 and 1+royal jelly: 11.82±0.96) sperm compared with groups treated with nicotine. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that royal jelly reduces reproductive toxicity of nicotine in mice by improving the testicular structure and sperm parameters.  }, Keywords = {Nicotine, Royal Jelly, Testicles, Mice, Sperm}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {50-58}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.50}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7167-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7167-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {SalehiOmran, MT and Vafaei, HR and SalehiOmran, H}, title = {Evaluation of Echocardiography Results after Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation Repair Surgery}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Severe mitral valve regurgitation, which occurs primarily or secondary to various cardiovascular diseases, has undergone surgery and valve replacement and artificial valve insertion from several years ago. Within the last few years, severe mitral valve regurgitation has undergone repair surgery. This study was conducted to determine the results of mitral valve repair surgery.  METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 patients who had undergone surgery with the diagnosis of severe mitral valve regurgitation. Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) was performed for all patients before surgery, and echocardiography was performed one week after surgery and six months later and the results were evaluated in terms of regurgitation in three mild, moderate and severe cases.  FINDINGS: The mean age of patients with secondary mitral regurgitation was 43 – 85 years. In patients with secondary mitral regurgitation, 143 (83%) patients did not have mitral regurgitation, 27 (15%) patients had mild mitral regurgitation and 3 patients had moderate to severe mitral regurgitation, whereas in patients with primary mitral regurgitation, 30 (81%) patients did not have mitral regurgitation, 5 (14%) patients had mild mitral regurgitation and 2 (5%) patients had moderate to severe mitral regurgitation.  CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that mitral valve repair with primary or secondary etiology had good results and can replace artificial valve in the future.  }, Keywords = {Coronary stenosis, Mitral valve repair, Mitral valve regurgitation, Coronary artery bypass grafting, Echocardiography.}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {59-63}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.59}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-6907-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-6907-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Shabani, AH and Amini, A and EbrahimzadehNamvar, AM}, title = {The frequency of pap and sfa genes among Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients of Rouhani hospital in babol, Iran}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Escherichia coli urinary tract infections are known as one of the most important nosocomial infections. Adhesion genes such as sfa and pap which are important in bacterial attachment and colonization in epithelial cells have a significant role in bacterial pathogenecity. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of mentioned genes among E. coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients of Rouhani hospital in Babol city.   METHODS: A total of 70 E. coli strains were isolated from urinary specimens of Rouhani hospitalized patients and then identified and confirmed with differential tests by using MacConkey agar, TSI, Oxidase test and etc. Thereafter, antimicrobial pattern were carried out by disk diffusion method. Finally the bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and the frequency of genes was determined by molecular method   FINDINGS: In this study resistance to Erythromycin (65.7%) and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (57%) had the highest resistance ratio. On the other hand the frequency of sfa and pap genes was 60% and 27% respectively.    CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed the sfa and pap genes have a high prevalence and antibiotic resistance also needs special attention.}, Keywords = {Escherichia coli, Urinary Tract Infections, Antibiotic Resistance}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {64-68}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.64}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7257-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7257-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Montaseri, S and Bakhshi, F and Edraki, M and RazaviNejad, SM and Haghpanah, S}, title = {The Effect of Educating the Use of Developmental Positions of Premature Infants on the Clinical Performance of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Nurses}, abstract ={BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: One of the early interventions in neurodevelopmental disorders in neonatal intensive care units is providing proper conditions for infants. Premature infants have lost their last three months of life in the uterus, and as a result, have not reached a collapsed status, which is a developmental position that indicates brain growth in the infant. Considering the importance of the neonatal position in developmental positions and achievement of better neural evolution, this study was conducted to implement educational intervention to improve the performance of nurses in order to properly implement the developmental positions of premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS: This interventional study was carried out among 85 neonatal intensive care unit nurses in Shahid Akbar-Abadi and Ali Asghar Hospitals in Tehran in three stages. First, the nurses' performance was evaluated regarding the supportive developmental positions of the premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit through a neonatal assessment tool (IPAT with a maximum score of 12 and a minimum score of 3). Then, nurses were educated by slides and face to face and the performance of nurses was evaluated and compared after the first week after training and two months after the training. FINDINGS: Demographic data showed that the education level of most nurses (98.8%) was bachelor's degree and most nurses (48.2%) were older than 30 years of age. The highest work experience of nurses (42.4%) was in the range of 5–10 years. In addition, the nurses' performance score regarding the supportive developmental position of premature infants in the pre-training stage (5.84±0.03), the first week after training (8.35±1.42) and two months after training (8.71±1.16) had a significant difference (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this research, educating the use of developmental positions of premature infants has positive effects on the clinical performance of neonatal intensive care unit nurses.}, Keywords = {Education, Supportive developmental position, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Performance}, volume = {20}, Number = {3}, pages = {69-73}, publisher = {Journal of Babol University Of Medical Sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.3.69}, url = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7039-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbums.org/article-1-7039-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1561-4107}, eissn = {2251-7170}, year = {2018} }