fa مقایسه اثر ضد درد ژل رویال با مورفین و آسپیرین در موش صحرایی نر به روش آزمون فرمالین فیزیولوژی Physiology تجربی Experimental <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 16pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra' color: blue">سابقه و هدف:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"> عوارض جانبی ناشی از مصرف داروهای صناعی ضد درد در کاربرد بالینی و استقبال روزافزون بیماران از طب سنتی و محصولات طبیعی منجر به جلب توجه محققان به بررسی و مطالعه اثرات داروهای ضد درد طبیعی و مقایسه آنها با داروهای سنتتیک و شیمیایی گردیده است. ژل رویال که توسط زنبورهای عسل جهت تغذیه زنبور ملکه تولید می­شود، </span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">از طریق بازدارندگی تولید سیتوکین‌های پیش التهابی به وسیله ماکروفاژهای فعال شده، فعالیت ضد التهابی انجام می دهد</span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی و مقایسه اثر ضد دردی ژل رویال با مورفین و آسپیرین به عنوان ضد دردهای رایج می‌باشد.<o:p /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 16pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra' color: blue">مواد و روشها</span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">: در این مطالعه تجربی، 36 موش صحرایی نر از نژاد ویستار به صورت تصادفی در</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">شش گروه‌ 6 تایی دسته‌بندی شدند. گروه کنترل منفی نرمال سالین (</span><span dir="ltr">ml/kg</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="FA">5)، دو گروه کنترل مثبت (یک گروه مورفین </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> mg/kg</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"><span dir="rtl"></span>5/2 و دیگری </span><span dir="ltr">mg/kg</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"><span dir="rtl"></span>300 آسپیرین) و 3 گروه درمانی با دوزهای 100، 200 و </span><span dir="ltr">mg/kg</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"><span dir="rtl"></span>400 ژل رویال از طریق صفاقی به صورت تک دوز دریافت نمودند. </span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">نیم ساعت پس از تزریق داخل صفاقی، 50 میکرولیتر فرمالین 5/2 درصد از طریق زیر جلدی به کف پنجه پای راست حیوانات تزریق شد و </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">اثر ضد دردی با استفاده از روش فرمالین مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت.<o:p /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="line-height: 16pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra' color: blue">یافته‌ها:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"> </span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">نتایج نشانگر این است که ژل رویال اثر ضد درد وابسته به دوز دارد و موثرترین دوز ضد دردی آن 200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بود. نمره درد حاد در گروه‌های نرمال سالین، آسپیرین، مورفین، ژل رویال 100، 200 و 400 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم به ترتیب 09/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">61/2، 06/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">56/1، 14/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">05/1، 08/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">40/2، 04/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">65/1و 05/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">53/1 و نمره درد مزمن به ترتیب 09/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">34/2، 12/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">28/1، 12/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">33/0، 07/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">15/2، 03/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">21/1و 05/0</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif">±</span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">12/1 بوده است. اثر ضد دردی ژل رویال با دوز 200 میلی‌گرم </span></span><span class="normal11"><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'">بر کیلو‌گرم روی درد حاد تقریبا برابر آسپیرین و کمتر از مورفین بود. اثر ضد دردی آن بر روی درد مزمن کمتر از مورفین بود و اختلاف معنی داری با آسپیرین نداشت.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: '2 Mitra'"><o:p /></span></p> <b><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 10pt font-family: '2 Mitra' color: blue">نتیجه گیری:</span></b><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 10pt font-family: '2 Mitra'"> با توجه به اثرات بارز و خوب ضد دردی، آنتی اکسیدانی و ضدالتهابی ژل رویال، تجویز این ماده طبیعی به عنوان یک روش غیر تهاجمی، مناسب و قابل اجرا می‌تواند باعث کاهش و تسکین درد گردد.</span> <pre style="background: white"><pre style="background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15pt margin-left: 0cm text-indent: 0cm background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"><b><span style="font-size: 9pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif color: blue background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial">BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif"> The side effects of synthetic analgesics in clinical use as well as patients’ growing interest in traditional medicine and natural products have drawn researchers’ attention to studying the effects of natural pain relievers and comparing them with chemical and synthetic drugs. Royal jelly, which is produced by bees to feed the queen bee, exerts anti-inflammatory effects through inhibiting the production of pre-inflammatory cytokines by activated macrophages. This study aimed to compare the analgesic effects of morphine, aspirin and Royal Jelly as common painkillers</span><span style="font-size: 9pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial">.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif"><o:p /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15pt margin-left: 0cm text-indent: 0cm background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"><b><span style="font-size: 9pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif color: blue background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial">METHODS:</span></b><span style="font-size: 9pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif"> In this experimental study, 36 </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">male </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">Wistar rats were randomly classified into six groups of 6. The negative control </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">group received the normal Saline of 5 kg/ml, one positive control group received </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">morphine 2.5 mg/kg and the other received aspirin 300 mg/kg. The 3 treatment </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">groups received Royal Jelly peritoneally with doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">in single doses. Half an hour after the intraperitoneal injection, 50 micro </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">liters of formalin 2.5% was subcutaneously injected into the bottom of the </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">animals’ right paw and the analgesic effects were studied using the Formalin </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">test.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15pt margin-left: 0cm text-indent: 0cm background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"><b><span style="font-size: 9pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif color: blue background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial">FINDINGS:</span></b><span style="font-size: 9pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif"> Our </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">findings </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">indicate that as a dose-dependent analgesic, Royal Jelly is most effective at a </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">dose of 200 mg/kg. The grade of acute pain in the groups of Saline, aspirin, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">morphine and Royal Jelly (100, 200 and 400 kg) was 2.61±0.09, 1.56±0.06, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">1.05±0.14, 2.40±0.08, 1.65±0.04 and 1.53±0.05, respectively. The grade of </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">chronic pain in the same groups was 2.34±0.09, 1.28±0.12, 0.33±0.12, 2.15±0.07, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">1.21±0.03 and 1.12±0.05, respectively. The analgesic effect of royal jelly with </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">the dosage of 200 kg/mg on acute pain was approximately equal to that of aspirin </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">and less than that of morphine. However, Royal Jelly was less effective on </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif font-size: 9pt text-indent: 0cm">chronic pain than morphine and it did not differ significantly with aspirin.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm text-indent: 0cm background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"><b style="line-height: 15pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif color: blue background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial">CONCLUSION:</span></b><span style="line-height: 15pt font-size: 10pt font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"> Given the prominent analgesic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities of royal jelly, this natural substance could be prescribed as a non-invasive method to reduce and relieve pain appropriately and applicably</span><span style="background-image: initial background-attachment: initial background-size: initial background-origin: initial background-clip: initial background-position: initial background-repeat: initial"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> </font></span></p></pre></pre> ژل رویال, درد, آزمون فرمالین, موش صحرائی Royal Jelly, Pain, Formalin Test, Rat 50 56 http://jbums.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1364-7&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 A Arzi اردشیر ارضی 100319475328460011261 100319475328460011261 No Gh Houshmand غلامرضا هوشمند 100319475328460011262 100319475328460011262 No M Goudarzi مهدی گودرزی 100319475328460011263 100319475328460011263 Yes H Khadem Haghighian حسین خادم حقیقیان 100319475328460011264 100319475328460011264 No MR Rashidi Nooshabadi محمدرضا رشیدی نوش آبادی 100319475328460011265 100319475328460011265 No